The Best American-Style Potato Salad

Place potatoes in a 5- to 6-quart pot; cover with water. Bring to a boil, cover, and simmer, stirring once or twice to ensure even cooking, until a thin-bladed paring knife or a metal cake tester inserted into the potato can be removed with no resistance, 25 to 30 minutes for medium potatoes and 15 to 20 minutes for new potatoes. Drain, rinse under cold water, and drain again. While potatoes are still warm, cut them into 3/4-inch cubes with a serrated knife, and layer them in a medium bowl, sprinkling with the red wine vinegar and salt and pepper as you go. Refrigerate potatoes while preparing remaining ingredients. Mix in remaining ingredients; refrigerate until ready to serve.